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The symptoms of bulging eyes and heat intolerance are indicative of Graves disease, an autoimmune disorder that leads to hyperthyroidism. In Graves disease, the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, causing it to become overactive and produce excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. This excess can result in symptoms such as increased metabolism, weight loss, rapid heartbeat, and intolerance to heat.

Additionally, the bulging eyes, known as exophthalmos, occur because the inflammation associated with Graves disease can affect the tissues and muscles around the eyes. This unique symptom is particularly characteristic of this condition and helps differentiate it from other disorders that may cause similar systemic effects but do not typically present with eye involvement.

In contrast, Addison's disease is characterized by adrenal insufficiency, leading to symptoms like fatigue and low blood pressure, but not heat intolerance or bulging eyes. Hypothyroidism typically results in opposite symptoms such as weight gain and cold intolerance, while Cushing's syndrome is associated with excess cortisol leading to signs like weight gain and rounded facial features, but not the heat intolerance typical of hyperthyroidism. Thus, the presence of both bulging eyes and heat intolerance strongly aligns with a diagnosis of Graves disease.